Antimicrobial Hierarchy

  1. Antibiotics
    1. Cell Wall Inhibitors
      1. Beta-lactams
        1. Penicillin
          1. Natural Penicillin
            1. Penicillin V
            2. Penicllin G
          2. Penicillinase-Resistant Penicillins
            1. Methicillin
            2. Nafcillin
            3. Oxacillin
          3. Broad Spectrum Penicillin
            1. Ampicillin
            2. Amoxicillin
          4. Extended Spectrum Penicillin
            1. Piperacillin
            2. Ticarcillin
        2. Beta lactam with Beta lactamase Inhibitor
          1. Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid
          2. Ampicillin-sulbactam
          3. Pipracillin-tazobactam
          4. Ticarcillin-clavulanic acid
        3. Cephalosporins
          1. First Generation
            1. Cephalothin
            2. Cefazolin
          2. Second Generation
            1. Cefaclor
            2. Cefuroxime
            3. Cefotetan
            4. Cefoxitin
          3. Third Generation
            1. Cefotaxime
            2. Ceftazidime
            3. Ceftriaxone
            4. Cefixime
          4. Fourth Generation
            1. Cefepime
          5. New Class
            1. Ceftaroline
        4. Others
          1. Carbapenems
            1. Imipenem
            2. Meropenem
            3. Doripenem
            4. Ertapenem
          2. Monobactams
            1. Aztreonam
      2. Glycopeptides
        1. Vancomycin
        2. Daptomycin
        3. Telavancin
    2. Protein Synethesis Inhibitors
      1. Streptogramins
        1. Quinuprisitin/Dalforpristin Synercid)
      2. Oxazolidone
        1. Linezolid
      3. Aminoglycosides
        1. Gentamycin
        2. Tobramycin
        3. Amikacin
      4. Tetracyclines
        1. Tetracycline
        2. Doxycycline
        3. Minocycline
        4. Tigecycline
      5. Chloramphenicol
      6. Macrolides
        1. Erythromycin
        2. Clarithromycin
        3. Azithromycin
      7. Lincosamides
        1. Clindamycin
    3. Nucleic Acid Inhibitors
      1. Quinolones
        1. Naladixic Acide
      2. Flouroquinolones
        1. Norfloxacin
        2. Ciprofloxacin
        3. Ofloxicin
        4. Levofloxicin
        5. Moxifloxacin
    4. Cytoplasmic Membrane Inhibitors
      1. Antifungal
        1. Amphotericin B
        2. Azols
          1. Itraconazole
          2. Miconazole
          3. Ketoconazole
          4. Fluconazole
          5. Voriconazole
          6. Posaconazole
        3. Nystatin
        4. 5-flourocytosine
        5. Echinocandins
          1. Anidulafungin
          2. Caspofungin
          3. Micafungin
      2. Polymixins
        1. Polymixin-B
        2. Colistin Polymyxin E)
      3. Metronidazole
    5. Metabolic Inhibitors
      1. Sulfonamides
      2. Trimethoprim
      3. Combined
        1. Trimethoprim with Sulfamethoxazole
    6. Antitubercular
      1. First Line
        1. Rifampin
        2. Isoniazid
        3. Pyrazinamide
        4. Ethambutal
      2. Second Line
  2. Antivirals
    1. adamantane antivirals
    2. antiviral boosters
    3. antiviral combinations
    4. antiviral interferons
    5. chemokine receptor antagonist
    6. integrase strand transfer inhibitor
    7. miscellaneous antivirals
    8. neuraminidase inhibitors
    9. NNRTIs
    10. NS5A inhibitors
    11. nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)
    12. protease inhibitors
    13. purine nucleosides